Why can enduring Chinese table tennis team

 Over the years, table tennis team win the honor for the motherland again and again, to bring the joy of victory and become a team favorite of our people. This time in the 36th World Table Tennis Championship trophy won all seven projects, created by a country in the history of table tennis world championship finals and won two decades of leading a new record for a long time. a foreign, said: that what happens then? small silver ball will be caused in people's worries, though with different music, but very much want a lot ......< br> I feel is complex. I remember twenty years ago when the 26th World Table Tennis Championships, Our team won the first advantage, the game just ended, He Long Stadium in Beijing Comrade lounge, called the National Education Committee and a meeting of leading cadres table tennis team. He said that now riding on the back of a tiger, not down! National Education Committee to extended stay in the team table tennis team could not immediately withdraw, we should conscientiously sum up experience, adjusting team, to take steps to prepare to win the next victory. Since then, I'm With this tribute back in the mood to ride, hard, not Shaoxie. each one holding the cup, then the next night to plan on winning. until ten years of turmoil, have taken their captivity, often can not help hoping for a long lean look behind bars, looking forward to get a little table tennis information, talk over the can Do not fall ah! after the third plenary session, I was able to return to work, pleased to see that although the replacement table tennis player, has maintained a fine tradition down, although some progress at each rank, the world's leading has remained down. In particular, the 36th teenager set off in command, novice dare burden, more so I am very pleased!, I think, seven cups are not second session to take, always to keep, but I am convinced that the Long March has come to Relay people, they will not fall back from the tiger! Comrade Wan Li welcomed the General Assembly on behalf of the State Council, pointed out that speech, table tennis teenager in the great historical trend in rejuvenating the image of a generation of young people struggling with the image. ping-pong victory, was delayed for ten years reflects the youth of China are catching up, walked out bile times, the Chinese nation has once again shows the independent nations of the world's ambition and ability.
Table Tennis Team The success, the early 60s from the 20th century onwards, there are many people in the world to explore. I've seen all kinds of newspaper Answer: Some people from the nutritional or biological point of view, thanks to the wonders of the Chinese people cooking or smart figure; was set to win with the argument that weapons because the mystery of the racket. Of course, some people exclaimed: ;
table tennis team has not been back in the 36th over when the I was briefly talked about the five main experience, which is:
Chinese table tennis team members have great attention to education, ideals, aspirations, ideals and aspirations
this is passion for the country, the world, Faces, for glory for the country. First thing is to win glory for the country, to become a world champion, the Chinese table tennis team players either played out or not, and have this idea for many years are like this. should have ideals, scaled new heights, glory for the country, has become a conscious member requirements.
hard, Basic Training
to practice a true Master, master real skill. holding the world cup champion, as opposed to a photo, of course happy, but how come , who easily let you holding? Champions League can not casually brought it. may struggle was robbed, had won, rely on real skills. real abilities come from? have training, hard training, scientific training.
adhere to the flourishing and the flourishing of the domestic policy of
a chess table tennis team in China, carry out well. the world on e of the game, we all study, study, whichever is the director, the formation of our style. competition will have to obey the whole time needs to have a high degree of collective spirit. Our athletes have practiced this play, there are practicing the kind of play, and select the right target, hard exercise. learn the more refined, more difficult to deal with, the more exercise we athletes. This approach is only in our socialist country can do that, the capitalist countries can not achieve. In China table tennis team, to global needs, willing to be is very touching. in this way can make our athletes to become stronger in the strong. calendar of this, starting from the 26th World Table Tennis Championship, our world champion holding the trophy said: the collective team to award the cup.
victory immediately after the victory of the course to find weaknesses
everyone happy, can be table tennis team was very nervous to find shortcomings. you are not a 2:1 win it? lost one council, why? weaknesses where? Even if you win 2-0, then score in each game, losing a few balls that what is the reason? adhere to start from scratch and be a never satisfied people, this long is very important for young athletes, and only people who can never meet the continuous advance.
adhere to the transfer, to help with
Chinese table tennis team a great feature, is adhering to the old with a new attention to the discovery of new and old to develop new, put them into the front. table tennis to carry out the campaign was more common, people are constantly emerging.
these I'm just talking about under the usual understanding of , the practice of table tennis team than this rich tradition and have a good team, each have been concluded after the World Championships fresh experience. This session of the new group final boldly very successful, to further enrich the development experience in this area.
the cause of our country who regard the selection and training of succession on an important strategic position, on the sports front, but also to consciously use the universal law of metabolism.
because the sport is more affected by age, life expectancy, physical and physiological factors, With the rapid development of sports technology in recent years, more and faster replacement of old, but also in the confrontational game, new, new technology can often be a surprise move. the technology is generally more stable, comprehensive, and experience richer, but technology has been finalized, innovation is not easy, opponents know you, like new, blank sheet of paper draw a good picture of the latest to take the United States. to Chinese table tennis team is a world leader, has become the target of public criticism, there is little impact on the goal. so shall, in particular pay close attention to recast a new sword in order to maintain and develop strengths. Some comrades say that the problem is to be more conscious application of competition means to master the law of metabolism, so veteran technology new, and extend the campaign life, so that newcomers come to the fore, as soon as possible to show their talents.
in our party and the government provided for the athletes million into a variety of good Changchun City, has taken many effective measures. In the universal principle of combining with the improved guidance, a set of off-line training and competition system, from an early age, layer selection, the whole country more than twenty thousand young amateur sports school in table tennis in the training team at the provincial level, there are thousands of players on behalf of Jane. national table tennis team training dozens of people each year, on hundred people, has always been on the novice neither pressure nor coax is not holding; not seek to blame, not indulged. but by the old and new, to a certain level of attainment let them independence to make their fortune, to the burdens and allow them to wave sharp peaks ups and downs, really hone skills. This new chosen, most able to take to work, flash in the pan or Dashishuizhun only individuals. So far, 87 people on the world's top spot in our players to participate in the 10 th World Table Tennis Championships, I won 70 team titles in 36, accounting for more than half. to participate in each of the Chinese team World Championships, the average age in general are a little more than 20 years of age. in the 36th men's team final fight The average is three-year-old teenager of 20, 10 years younger than his opponent, playing even more lively. women's team teenager Tong Ling and Cao Yanhua, were 9 years old to be in training young amateur sports school, thirteen-year-old to get in the national competition Champion, 15-year-old international competitions as a cup, 19 years old when the world champion, Team of the main players. The growth rate in the world is relatively faster.
early as the 26th team to win three titles I and four runner-up, the foreign press on the comments: ; But they are also bound not even a. Indeed, our party and a way to nurture athletes, not countries can do, the national policy of a game of chess and collective spirit, nor the capitalist countries are feasible. In socialist China, although many of the current level of sport is still very low, all in the long run, it will catch up and exceed the sport developed capitalist countries.
Premier Zhou Enlai, who had been pointed out that the table tennis team is the party and the people cultivated a team, is to use Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought armed. Over the years, the team to ideological and political work as the lifeline to the training center, with the guidance of dialectical idealism, business, and strive to explore and master table tennis the law of movement, character, learning the strengths of the world, out of a their own way. This is a world-class table tennis team emerging talents and accomplishments of the root causes.
older generation of proletarian revolutionaries of the table tennis team filled with hot poured growth efforts. Chairman Mao and other leaders of the party and the state table tennis team has met several times to give warm encouragement.
1965 the 28th World Table Tennis Championships, he won my group of men and women, men and Five men and women's doubles title, Chairman Mao was pleased to congratulate the victory of Comrade Ho Lung, particularly congratulate the women's team played a turnaround. Premier Zhou is meticulous in caring, earnest to teach the sea, touching the heart. Rong Guotuan first from the 25th World Table Tennis Championship to take back, the Prime Minister of education athletes to win without fortune, and not hungry, hard at practice hard, Vitalizing Endlessly with Passion, blossomed in the world. In particular, stressed the need to train more new force, to come from behind, to help veterans beginners to catch veteran, every year a rising star. He and Deng Xiaoping, He Long, Chen Yi, Peng Zhen and other central leaders, see the novice beat every world champion, always very happy. there is one thing that I can not forget, Qiu Zhonghui is 26th in the World Championships, Hungary, 3-2 victory over hand-held high-methamphetamine, as the country won the first women's world champion, met with Premier Zhou asked her when the total score and high percentage of how much methamphetamine, Hsiao Chiu moment could not answer, I and coaches, the team leader also could not remember. Premier Zhou said with a smile: with specific examples to teach athletes to see from the lack of victory, to defeat opponents by their own learning, so that comrades sigh on! Long comrades has been asked to table tennis player bold, bold Arts and higher, Team sports front is a red flag. They do not vent gas vicissitudes of life after a decade, go rather bad. Third Plenary Session of the Party to shift the focus of work to socialist modernization construction of the great strategic decision, the State Council approved the naming Chinese table tennis team as the fronts, comrades all walks of life to learn table tennis team, fighting for the motherland with a teenager who honor the spirit of the four modernizations. I also want to learn tennis teenager, at the same time that the deduction of other table tennis team advanced group, as is not perfect. They also need to learn from others, both in ideas and technology in all aspects, should continue to draw upon hundreds of long, can stick to their success. In the past the typical propaganda, often a good hundred well, which is a the fine tradition of the party's style of seeking truth from facts. This is to improve our work style, military style, and the people, will have a profound impact. I believe that reading this book comrades, will take a comprehensive analysis of the attitudes, learn good table tennis team things, give their evidence deficiencies. 

Miss Hong Kong in the previous inventory of peerless beauty and genius artist

 Miss Hong Kong as early elections began in 1946, but when the Hong Kong people still worry about food and clothing, there is no inclination to care about who is the Hong Kong beauty. In between 1946 to 1973, Hong Kong Miss Hong Kong after another 10 selected sister. until 1973, ; began its glory period, generally considered to be br> conservative caution period: 1973mm1983
1973 to 1983 10 years, the Miss Hong Kong selected to avoid excessive emphasis on beauty, beauty is often not so elected to champion the best. But this decade Gangjie also each have their own characteristics . such as laughter, bright and seem unlimited vitality Linliang Hui; opened Miss Hong Kong Photo wave of fame good Olivia Cheng; also have a natural elegant, eventually married into other wealthy COMMUNICATION. also some losers in the Miss Hong Kong but in the future performing arts blockbuster, has become the gold medal today, we are familiar artists. no matter how this election for the future years of the brilliant Miss Hong Kong has laid a good foundation.
most lucky hit Miss Hong Kong mm
Sun Beach Sun Beach En En is the official history recognition of the first Miss Hong Kong. But the Miss Hong Kong are not really like the T-stage in the wireless to show grace, and entirely out of account for , buses, ferries and other modes of transport can not think of overnight fame, but can not enjoy these benefits because either her car or boat, all passengers will recognize her, she is not mean and then sat down. But the Miss Hong Kong originator but has a very successful marriage, through two failed marriages, she now has a third wife.
current style: 6; future success: 3
composite score: 4.5
the charity in Hong Kong Sister Mary
mm Zhang Gangjie she was champion in 1975, she was from a city street children to the attention of the star, and later married kung fu star Bruce Lee's brother, Dr. Li Zhongchen the Hong Kong Observatory. Her beauty pageant experience like a legend. the one hand, she yells: It is an insult to female beauty. And on the other hand, she is the most benevolent of the Miss Hong Kong, and was elected as the the only Miss Hong Kong to receive this honor. No wonder she can be so bold to the definition of beauty.
current style: 4; future success: 8
composite score: 6
most elegant Miss Hong Kong mm Zhu Lingling
Loletta beauty is an amateur model before, so when the election will look like a duck. beauty coupled with intelligent, so she was very compelling, and after winning the competition, and overall, became the first Miss Hong Kong in the history of both titles. she won the first time after the jury was a big compliment to Timothy Fok, the two married in the second year alerted to Hong Kong and only 18 years old at the time Loletta ! Although it has two workers Yan Flying, but left behind a Miss Hong Kong to marry Homer's story.
current style: 8; future success: 5
composite score: 6.5
most love movies in Hong Kong Sister Miriam
mm Yang Xue is a hotel of this instrument to join Yang Xue waitress Miss Hong Kong took first place did not expect the election to defeat the future became well-known film Maggie Cheung. But her experiences from the film is extremely unfavorable, after performing at a televised bosom, she acclaim granted, she bid farewell to film a huff. but it has been love acting Yang Xue instrument ultimately could not resist the temptation to live act, after four years of silence, she was again back in 1990. her share of the film admirable passion and persistence. Now she is John Woo's plan, to continue her dream of film.
current style: 7; future success: 6
composite score: 6.5
the most gentle and virtuous Miss Hong Kong mm As a flight attendant Natalie Natalie
attended the first Miss Hong Kong elections but received only a rd Runner, but this does not affect her charm and temperament .1975, after years and Huang Hanwei married and start adding wireless access to performance opportunities. From Heaven Sword and Dragon Sabre mentioned in br> The most brilliant star Maggie Cheung Miss Hong Kong mm
perhaps a runner-up title of Miss Hong Kong does not make Maggie happy future, she will undoubtedly become the most successful previous one in the Miss Hong Kong. She gold like to win the title four times, three degree of Kinmen and Matsu king, and received numerous other international awards. Lee said she was a kind of However, she pursued plain doctrine, and his weak fame, circle excellent reputation. For such a love of art, love life, Chinese performing artists to her thumbs!
current style: 8; future success : 10
composite score: 9
the peak of its heyday: 1984m1992
began in 1984, the selection of Miss Hong Kong is catching on, into the zenith. Hong Kong people to accept women in Hong Kong Miss Hong Kong as a representative of the United States, attention to the judges no longer taboo players on the outside. The beauty of this period a large number of nominations, there are many high-quality person, there will be welcomed by the beauty In 1987 Miss Hong Kong is relatively easy winner and runner-up Elizabeth Lee Yang Baoling are mature flatter Mei's br> The most extraordinary skill mm high Lihong
the Miss Hong Kong Miss Hong Kong of Chinese and Western Cantonese is not good because they had not and wireless contract, but her style is still fairly good in the future for which she won the performances. in and flood Campbell cooperation several martial arts film, playing a half-breed woman in the Lights fire up the image of a moment. high Lihong the Miss Hong Kong in the martial arts has become one of the highest. after she and her so far. High Lihong also had the experience of jumping into the sea rescue, in time became widely read stories of the moment.
current style: 8; future success: 7
composite score: 7.5
most fame Miss Hong Kong mm Yang Baoling
also the 1988 Sound winning beauty clamor died down, she can not make a career in the performing arts to further achievements. This time, she decided to switch from the provider. for artists, the open shop, to be a small business is often There are some things, but she has achieved very high, she opened the Luk Fook Jewellery is now well-known jewelry brand, has stores in Hong Kong and the Mainland.
current style: 9; future success: 5
Composite score: 7
most glamorous mm Reis
18-year-old Miss Hong Kong to win the title of Miss Hong Kong beauty Michelle Reis overwhelming, but not proud of the inherent cold, brilliant and impressive qualities she deserved to be known as the Pearl, unexpectedly blocked her acting. She has been married and Xu Jin Heng now resumed business, after all, have such a good capital, and now she has been treated a lot of very mature roles are current style: 10; future success: 7
composite score: 8.5
most handsome handsome Miss Hong Kong mm Monica
80 years of the last Miss Hong Kong winner, selected after signing the contract with the cable TV and get TV pitch, short hair, she has shaped a lot of handsome white-collar image of women has left a deep impression on the audience. Cycle point. But the Miss Hong Kong is not very smooth love life, after breaking in and Ni Zhen, Monica is still around in the pursuit of treatment which are very cold, she said: . Many come to the answer. She can customs million; for willful coquetry; to grief may like. is one such actor whims sent directly to the strength of two wins Award for Best Actress title, it can not help but praise! She is now a famous actor and Julian Cheung lived a happy life.
current style: 10; future success: 10
composite score: 10
mm Ada
most bejeweled Miss Hong Kong 1991 Miss Hong Kong second runner-up who borrowed the name of a TV series performance, has won the best actress title. has been married to Ada and Zhang Jin half conceals, half are now often engaged in public welfare activities.
current style: 8; future success: 7
composite score: 7.5
Gradually recession: 1993m
since 1993 has selected reached a climax in 2007, children Gangjie Chia Meng is the media meal were disappointed. including also become a wireless rising star.
the full flavor of the sea-Miss Hong Kong Lan
1995 mm year Gangjie champion appeared to Hoi Although much drama, but several are classics, and she played left no doubt that the role gives the impression of full flavor, especially the continue to participate in public welfare activities on May 1 .2008 officially leaving perfect, to concentrate on matters Wai Yin.
current style: 7; future success: 6
composite score: 6.5
Sonija Kwok most fortunate to win the Miss Hong Kong mm
Sonija Kwok is a Sino-British half-breed, was born in Hong Kong. completing my college education in Canada, the year 1999, twenty-year-old she had appeared to be in time to participate in the Miss Hong Kong beauty pageant before over-age (age is Miss Hong Kong candidates 17 to 25 years old). twentieth century Sonija Kwok is also the last year year, which this year is really for Sonija Kwok is a lucky year, Sonija Kwok won many awards you can challenge the decade beauty Michelle Reis, beyond the beauty Michelle Reis results The Miss Hong Kong, Sonija Kwok alone one. Now, she has become a wireless line artistes.
current style: 8; future success: 7
composite score: 7.5
the indomitable Miss Hong Kong mm Charmaine
Charmaine Miss Hong Kong 1997 election candidates, nicknamed The total performance is outside those corrupted officials, but the nature of a strong assistant Charmaine Sheh was still fighting back tears, cursing the day to complete the day's shooting, but also because this clever won praise for her radio. now has a wireless six Charmaine Sheh Huadan one, and is the only one Myolie outstanding young age, students return to Hong Kong to participate in Miss Hong Kong after the election, with its lively performance of naive eventually finished third at the age of nineteen and vibrant style awards. she decided to drop out after the election, signing TVB, the main performance series, Wireless is now rising star. Pageant brought us a lot of the real beauty is unforgettable and genius artist. While the past few years,

Chinese team won, but why not be happy

 Chinese team a few goals and the Korean team is very beautiful, the scene began to attack stronger than the first two, but the more impossible the more backward-looking happy. Some so-called field experience is one with our people, how to think Not true? yellow card, red card, do not always blame the people judge, really. including our own actions, think that some people feel bullied.
learn Fearless, winning is a result, no one want to win, can win there and win the way, some people are called to win the Masters, and respected by the world, is lost; Some people win, he was immediately held in contempt. how the feeling can not be called a master of Chinese football , in order to win regardless of anything can be. It seems call for a national team who has become a national team to a young team to the lack of experience, and now this team is really a lot to learn.
the most horrible thing is that football is an ideal for those children of the past, a lot of kids watching the game Fan Zhiyi, from a play, they also raise a shoulder; finish with Yang Chen injuries and hard work, but also from a game when a heroic courage; they learn what really is to see what, if children are to the national team as an example, that the shovel man is the fighting spirit of the football field; that playing cross, football is handed The power and prestige; that the touch is the delay time to fell the best experience, that the Chinese have destroyed generations football.
Although not happy, but still would like to congratulate this young team, they finally did not bottom, and had three beautiful goals. And they are changing some aspects, expect them to do better, in the distant road toward World Cup's top hh

Swiss mechanical watch each other, learn to build the closest distance between

 Everyone has their own unique hobbies and collections. I am enamored of the Swiss mechanical watch.
Whether you admit you do not admit that the price of Swiss watches has improved every year, relying on the rich is not realistic, but the preservation is absolutely possible. Of course, I love the Swiss mechanical watch because not only that, but when I wear a mechanical watch and the relationship between the ineffable. as between family members are closely linked.
I love Switzerland There are many mechanical watches, but the best for me and also my most trusted brands or understanding.
business has just started, my girlfriend gave me on my birthday, to show the calendar, and even pointer is inclined cut diamond, very delicate.
girlfriend I know it is down by at least six months of work saved money for my purchase, she told me that a man's watch is very important in negotiations watch means that the taste and quality. is the It is also the Swiss mechanical watch I was hooked.
like mechanical watches the people must also a fan of the mechanical watch and wearing the relationship between the close dependence is indeed very subtle. people like me who care more tables maintenance is to go from time to time, and increasingly have the feeling, I love my baby, seems to me to bring it to life, and care for it. on the chain when the clicking sound, would bring me touch the soul. than ordinary quartz watch more of the sophisticated, multi-functional complex watch movements, and even maintenance also requires rigorous techniques. Every time I hand on the chain, I can feel the crown with the thumb, index finger between the intimate contact I have an unspeakable heart throb. The ineffable has made so many indulge in the mechanical world, and never tired.
I'm from understand cost is particularly high, because the Observatory certified movement, so the performance of the United States and the degree of mechanical accuracy and the lower price. This is what I stick with ., whenever I hear the watch ticking sound, you will receive a gift back to remember when moving, seems also to remind my wife of many years of hard-won affection.
intended to create a mechanical watch with the closest relationship of the wearer, as if I can not let go with the feelings between daughter.
Secret network of 2010 the story behind the Reds Important: guard against false information see the blog winning the New Year Secret new thing network Reds in 2010 the story behind the message board 

PW China's first online games infringement case Jan. 10 hearing

 PW China's first online games infringement case Jan. 10 hearing
2007   01   11  10:03 Business Daily ()
yesterday, as early as in 2005 cracked the case of the legendary Sifu court hearing in Putuo . It is understood that this is China's first online PW suspected copyright infringement.
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18-year-old president of the business through smart
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08 sports clothing distribution Revealed
 Year of the Pig earthshaking make a good project
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did not expect others to do good business
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psoriasis skin eczema urticaria alert
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Health On the diabetic hypertensive < br> Internet cafes, a huge profit Sifu coveted space, he play last year in August with two other bar staff a tour (already sentenced), Yemou (handled separately) gang, without the online game mmm the only legitimate operators in Guangzhou Optic Communications Co., Ltd. permission, they average about 3,000 yuan to each price, from the Internet to buy 7 sets of Legend starting in January, is on the Internet to provide membership forms of illegal gaming service, the recruitment of nearly 2,000 members, the illegal gains of RMB 50 million yuan.
infringement after the company found that, in February 2005 to the Public Security Bureau report. after testing by the Shanghai Software Testing Center and the Shanghai Intellectual Property Rights and Public Trust Forensic identified Yang, Yesterday, Luomou in court, said after the incident he was after a fierce ideological struggle, and ultimately that is not a way to escape, then on July 26 last year, gave himself up. talking about criminal motivation, he said: related to ignorance of the law and hope to obtain huge profits. more than that; but if guilty Procuratorate, in addition to the penalty, he will have to return 50 million in illegal proceeds that are a part of him. Yesterday, the prosecutor acts that have violated the criminal law Luomou, the crime of copyright infringement should be held criminally responsible.
It is understood now, and plug-PW regular online game operators have already caused a strong impact, since the rise of online games, anything more well-known online games can not escape being The judge said the gaming company to use legal means to protect their own interests, that gaming operator consciousness of intellectual property rights, but also its use of legal means to protect the legitimate interests of its own judicial attempts, which for the protection of intellectual property rights, encourage online products innovation, and create a respect for intellectual property environment, and clean the gaming industry will play a positive role.
case the court will choose a sentencing date.
Yong

Why am I not a Christian

 Why am I not a Christian
of Hauman Email: hauman@primesino.com
preamble
(a) of the mystical experience
(b) of the religious crimes
(c) of the original sin
(d ) interpretation of the Bible
(e) exclusion and discrimination
(f) hostile to the science of religion
(g) an excuse to kill
(attached) to teach me why the preamble
netizens
, read the World Cup, and then catch up on a large project, I'm back.
many problems like this for a while, decided to play a play Russell, hope to take a more objective manner,
written as a series of l r What I am not a Christian theme article, I hope you correct me.
(a) of the mystical experience
look at this version and the discussions involved in this version for several months, most non-Christians see Christians put to < br> asked question is how do you prove the existence of God, how do you know the feeling itself is not an illusion
. while some non-Christians like to question some of the logical problems, such as if God made the world
, God come from, or God is both omnipotent, why not create all the good people and so on.
kind of problem, as long as you stand more objective, you will find a Christian Achilles heel, they can only
give some answers from the logic, but non-Christians may not understand why they do not even speak very
out, dead cattle side of the neck. To understand this problem, we have the essence of religion (not only < br> Christian nature) have a certain understanding. In fact, in philosophy and psychology, there are some books about
mysticism, what is mysticism, not religious before the set according to some mystical book
said, the world's great part of the religion, it has been able to give all its people hesitate,
including life, the most important reason is to teach the public to experience the mystical experience, this mystical experience,
each have different experiences, But there are some common point is at a certain time and space, the believers suddenly
are extremely happy, the body seems to be full of spirituality, the world becomes a beautiful, followed by some Christians become capable
direct communication with God, As coach said brother met in the life of God, or
is that many Christians are said to experience God, some will call this phenomenon the Christian Baptist soul. This
mystical experience, infinite power, can cause duty-bound to give life meaning.
good, non-believers who, if you see a cup, this is your first-person experience, and I insist that you are a hallucination
You can not have any wavering Moreover, the power of mystical experience, not only
experience the joy of the experience is still difficult to pass, so the followers of non-believers may not debate
l realize r (from point of view of non-believers). Having said so much, you may wonder, particularly at night
Why I am not a Christian, in fact, I was a Christian, also had mystical experiences, had no anti-sense
Gu, almost every major life decision, God will guide him every night and talk about details
. Why out of teaching, I will explain in another article, this only said mystical experience. I'm out to teach
after a few years full time, free time will be immersed in the field of religious studies, I learned later
, this mystical experience, the nature of religion, not just the nature of Christianity, but the extent The
different to Buddhism, for example, Tibetan Buddhism's mystical experience is more much better than Christianity, but Zen is
rarely mystical experience color. mystical experience of religion is good or bad, I do not know Under the judgments, but
certain that, some small churches, whether seen as positive or evil, Christians will have a mystical experience
, such as Japan's Aum truth, the tribe of David, the United States, or take no may have so much knowledge
molecules, university professors are involved. write rapidly this point, we will of course see that, since Christ taught mystical experience
not unique, you can imagine, if the client was incensed coach brother true prejudices believer Road
teach, I'm sure he will be able to meet within one year of Lu Zu, Lu Zu experienced great love. Since the Christian mystical experience
not special, if just from the perspective of literature, Christian scripture, how to see how attractive or wise
not, I can not find any reason to Christianity.
(b) of the Christian religious crimes
disgraceful history of the bloody history of countless crimes It can be said too numerous to mention, every
when we read the Bible, and there is full of persecution of Christians by pagan history and resentment, but when I open the history books were
, but to see Christ not only aggression, also How many cultures uproot
since many parts of the world into their economic production, the ecology of mass destruction, until
today, famine in Africa because of all the aggression that year the name of religion, further ecological damage
results (I have engaged in environmental protection work for many years, especially in these feelings deep). When we asked preachers
, why Christians would be so brutal, the unity of all Christians, the answer is, they are not True
Christians, followed, they would say a large section of the Bible, describes how the true Christians,
argument then is not the killer they call the basic model, which demonstrates that people do < br> not true Christians. For this problem, I tried to study a lot of religion, let me see how we set cult
community standards. most of the religion, whether seen as positive or evil, which
Scripture is full of love, the world is full commitment, but why some religions, we believe that education is evil
? because they act Xie Yi, Xie Yi behavior which includes control of prostitution, money-making, advocating suicide
, etc. Thus, we determine whether the cult of religion, are generally judged by the results of actions, rather than to doctrine and Scripture
to judge (to determine if teaching Scripture, Old Testament Deuteronomy Xie Yi ,
is really unparalleled in the world). Two months ago, I happened met a believer in Hong Kong, Japan, the Aum Shinrikyo's
friends, he said to me, Aum Shinrikyo in Japan is reforming, They believe that management education OM really
of Scripture, revelation is written in the gods (and the Christians say much alike), it does not
have over two hundred thousand believers, and many of them are far overseas intellectuals (seems to be the place where intellectuals
especially valuable), hanging scroll Asahara Shoko Asahara is the angel of God, then Asahara departure from the gods, made
great crimes, but does not mean that the religion in question, he told me that Asahara is not true Christians,
true believers is the world will have the greatest commitment. Another example is the Sun Yee On, Sun Yee On is
the twenties, from the Family in Hong Kong officially registered non-profit organizations, then organizational purposes
the constitution, in black and white, not full of national interests and full of ideals, now if anyone out
, today's Sun Yee On, the whole is not really new Yee, Sun Yee On, such as the year should be written within the organizational purposes
requirements, we are going to react? above two examples we can see that people judge the general
things, even things the court judge, will result in things to judge, not the vague concept of a single
to determine the history of the Christians really Christians, we are in now
in time and space, is simply not qualified to judge, who said they were not Christians, can only show the pride of this
arrogance, but the history of Christianity planted in the blood, it is hard fact.
remember one time I asked about the history of Northern Ireland Protestants The blood of Christ, he is also a standard answer
case to answer, but when I asked why the persecution of Protestants, Catholics in Northern Ireland, he immediately turned hostile to me
that the Catholics of Northern Ireland is the Revelation recorded in the devil, we must kill all, or loss of life the world will face
day!! can imagine how the history repeats itself. If we are willing to objectively
detached view, a single volume to kill l r, on human harm to the l to measure the amount of r, the Christian
largest in human history is certainly no doubt an evil cult. If the world would be willing to officially recognize the Christian year when
all errors, the official humbly repent, and all victims nation a public apology to
this as a warning, put the Bible teaches Xiayi Bei, I believe that all non-Christians to Christianity will change
.
(c) of the original sin of Christianity's basic teachings
is one of the people have original sin, people have to admit his guilt on the back side
God in order to get pardon in order to obtain eternal life. If you refuse to acknowledge sin and refuse to repent up
Timor, it is impossible get rid of original sin, no matter how you contribute to the world in this life, no matter how superior moral standard
standards, neither receive forgiveness, eternal life, because you all the good, original sin can not
compensation. As long as you are willing to recognize the original sin, sincere repentance, regardless of how the past, all kinds of evil,
be to let bygones be bygones. in the next issue was on the original sin, read the Bible many times, but also checked by the book is not
less and Christian interpretation of history (in fact, many Christians on the interpretation of the classics and Christian history, not quite the
a) found that even though Paul and Peter repeatedly commits a crime, is a sinner, but never said that last forever
had inherited the original sin of mankind, the concept of original sin is not in fact come from Bible! In fact, the
that original sin is that Adam and Eve Toushijinguo Old Testament, which was condemned by God, the Old Testament is the sacred book of the Jewish people
, but authentic classic believers do not think people will always have This original sin, they can also use the method of the burnt offering and sin
. Most people think that, first proposed the term l is the original sin r Augustine
, but in fact the first to propose that the Latin theologians QSFTertullianus, he argues that human genetic < br> Biography of Adam and Eve's original sin, and Augustine, a theologian same Pelagius, had a very
force against the concept of original sin, but because this idea is not easy to rule the church, so not accepted,
this Xie Yi of original sin is neither from the New Testament, nor from the Old Testament, but not ten
points from a famous theologian l r, then ruled the Church for reasons easy to be forward Augustine Light
large, Christians can say deserves to be. When asked about non-Christians, being the case, we can only repent
dying, but the Christian standard answer is that you do not know when he will die, I do not know whether he died unexpectedly
! Well, assuming we have accepted that the original sin l r view of theologians, and the spokesman for the Church of Jesus
accepted the explanation, as long as you have heard the word of God and not believe , you can not be washed
original sin can not be saved, my question here. If you ask me a great man in modern times, I
who is the most revered, I can say without hesitation the answer to you, India Mahatma Gandhi, most people will know
Gandhi to adhere to peaceful means to hegemony knees, in fact, not only in this respect Gandhi
impressive achievements in personal life, he insisted on the most simple and selfless life He
teaching of children seriously, respect for nature, etc., so I think the greatness of this man, almost with holes
son, Socrates and other sages in comparison, but unfortunately, He is a devout Hindu, also heard
is a sure way contact with the person of Christ, if Christian standards, not
Hindu concept of original sin, and he was not committed by the Ten Commandments carved in and bow down to idols, and other than the Lord
, no two crimes God, Gandhi will no doubt fall to hell. the other hand, the recent education sector in Taiwan is one of Christ
witness, God's great also make Chen Chin-hsing repentance, my mind immediately is a picture floating
, Mahatma Gandhi, the great and selfless, in the eternal fire of hell by the suffering, and evil side of Chen Chin-hsing more
, but joy in heaven about the wine. < br> you, Christians believe that we in any case can not be washed righteous world of original sin, because we have small
(they call this idea as humility), if we refuse to repent to God, will go to hell, I just
Hong Kong Shijingzhitu very small, I have already determined, even if the door of heaven opened to me, I
will choose to go to hell, because only by fire, I can maintain a compassionate heart, to hell with the
beings suffering the same time God's big complaint with evil.
(d) If the Bible is called a common sense interpretation of
rich but not people who come into contact with the Bible, read through the Bible, you only thought of Christ
would happen? he inspired by God? Do not deceive yourself, this person certainly would
feel naive, which is full of cruel myth. in this world why so many Christians view the Bible, holding
the golden rule? The reason is very simple, because the Christian experience of thousands of years, the face of the era turn
change, and constantly strive to maintain the original teaching text, at crazy persecution of dissidents among them, could not be any maintenance
, to overthrow the amendments made to achieve in line with the principles of the times. From the heart of the order of denial at
recognized, is the best example.
within a certain range, including cosmology, irrefutable evidence of the technology, so the Christian must not
does not explain the amendment. dynasties from the Age of Enlightenment, people began to have Bible verses
more violent criticism of Christianity's wave after wave of challenges to explain the amendment to become the only way the Christian
, since Sanjiu years AD, the Third Synod of Carthage, Constantine the Great, Imperial Rome, a
the New Testament, this was revised to continue to occur, the first amendment to the interpretation of a famous person, of course, Austria
Gustin, he never mentioned the Bible is not only original sin to flourish (see above (c) of the original sin), also invented the Trinity, the theories of free will, to repair the deficiency the Bible.
in the Age of Enlightenment, then, The book release is sprung up, people's resistance against the Christian-based
questioned, which for hundreds of years, Buddhist scriptures in the Bible can be said that every word every sentence to
human interpretation, Because of this different interpretation, so that split into numerous sects of Christianity (I
tribe will discuss the issue further in another paper). Well, what is the Christian faith? My first
said, No one will believe a myth that (the Christian Old Testament is that the history of Israel, I write twenty thousand words to play
operator of this issue), they are naturally released by the letter's interpretation. have seen < br> interpretation by the book will know, a lot of interpretation by the desire of the book, is to find an excuse to justify, Augustus
Dingfa Ming free will (of human interpretation), to intent mouth stuffed with non-believers, asking why God
do not crime. any rational person a little, will see the Bible, God made the black and white
the ethnic cleansing of Israel (not a simple war, but to live on without leaving the race
cleaning), God used the flood to kill, burn Sodom and E Mora person (with any
not let a baby), playing with Job (Just because a war of words and Satan), which things,
excuse to justify countless Christians (interpretation of scriptures quoted an excuse). only God will call all
uncircumcised men, or die, I have seen four different versions of interpretation by the interpretation of the book St.
discrimination against women by the remarks also appeared in the sixties the so-called women's hermeneutics to explain that this amendment does not
off evil continue to justify continued to explain culture, the formation of a strong Christian. Each
when someone questioned the Bible, the Christian interpretation of Scripture is to specify the action to justify the excuse, if you say
law is not in their interpretation of scriptures in mind the requirements, they will criticize you ignorant, no study of the Bible
, no understanding of Christianity, the Christian will try to become the voice of God, the interpretation of patent
excluded alien species are under the historical tragedy. It is this human interpretation, so that the Christian history
Many who claim to be God's instructions, the imitation of the Old Testament of the ethnic cleansing of other nations, until
still kept in the continuation of the tragedy now. Now Hong Kong's Christians, although not holding a Bible to
ethnic cleansing, but to explain to people what will brutal rationalization, and even brought praise, this
phenomenon, not only will we have a very negative impact on the next generation, so that children do not respect life, that is not to become confused
, how sad!!
(e) exclusion and discrimination
discrimination and exclusion of Christians, I believe that all non-Christians will be felt. Even if you sit at home safe
, open the newspaper, but also to see the states Christian marriage agency opened, the first sentence is
born again Christians established a set of accepted values, preaching to persuade people not to practice
Qigong followers not to listen to New Age music, because these are things Xie Yi, the number of fortune-telling technique with much less
said. you and they speak, even if they do not declare the the mouth, but can also feel the kind of discrimination
eyes, the kind that have been saved from rebirth, from the condescending arrogance, with poor light
your head looking at you, or even consider themselves the voice of God, to your rescue Oliver.
new church in Hong Kong, the exclusive case is worse, many Protestants do not recognize Catholics as Christians (of ignorance, but the black heart of these
Catholics are Christians, the term attempted to private possession, and re-interpretation),
of course, there is also a Catholic to Protestant villain called the oath, does not recognize all of the Protestants as
not baptized Christians. near the viewer to see Christians generally the case, what explanation they? generally the most popular explanation is
times, which is part of their faith, they really believe the Bible, it is believed that a non-Christian are the devil
more sincerely believe give some examples. hundred years ago, whites in the United States black
slave trafficking was not no one questioned this behavior, but there are many white people truly believe that black
not really human, just people and between the apes, who published numerous books, to illustrate the low
blacks, and some books even say black sensory nerves and humans, ability to bear the pain special
high wire across the palm of your hand does not feel their pain in order to rationalize their abuse of blacks.
World War II, Hitler had also truly believe that superior Germanic people, have
because Jews were killed by truly believe that Jesus, bring the curse of heaven, so all Damn Jews.
As Pol Pot in Cambodia, it is true that his vision of communism, before killing three hundred
million. The so-called truly believe, it really is a very good excuse. Christians Today you can believe
teachings to discriminate against others, the others as the devil, of course, why he carried out towards any act, not
alarmist to think that this is wishful thinking, a decade ago, no one would ever thought before
Yugoslavia who also had a neighbor kill each other, is this discrimination bones, it is reasonable
Chile lost.
earthly society, civilization and development so far, we have begun to have some consensus should not be
of age discrimination, should not have racial discrimination, should not be sex discrimination, but the Christian institutions, but to religious discrimination
as the benchmark for recruitment (if the nature of missionary work, unless of course) , and an excuse for a large number of exclusive
excuse, intended to rationalize such behavior. Christian discrimination against non-Christian contempt, is seen at
Department, discrimination, neglect and a lot of excuses and rationalization, the course brought strong rebound
, that Christians are discriminated against non-Christians with contempt, fostering a mutual discrimination, poor results
. In contrast Buddhism in Hong Kong are generally not subject to non-Buddhists of discrimination (except Christians) ,
only because Buddhists do not discriminate against any pretext or contempt of others, Buddhism is not exclusive only
. Do not underestimate this cross discrimination against them, if Hong Kong is not completely anti-Christian woke up, still maintained
The bones of discrimination, is difficult to expect non-Christians to remove hostility against Christians eyes, and this
small hostile fire, if there will be a major disaster by the guide.
(f) hostile to religion, science
Christian hostility to science, from ancient times alike, Copernicus, Galileo story, everyone familiar all
, those hostile to the science of behavior, two thousand years, and did not stop, just a different extent.
today, the Christian hostility has not changed the nature of science, of which the most extreme horizon
Society of the United States still insists on a piece of the earth is flat, is consistent with the theory of Genesis, but also that the earth is only six thousand years of history
, or only a million-year-old fundamentalist. fair that point,
the past four decades, the European and American Christians hostile to the scientific situation has changed dramatically, most people
religious logic and scientific logic that should be completely separated, except for some small number of extremists outside
to attack Christians on behalf of evolution and astrophysics who have less and less, while the Pope has
open that some of the arguments is true. of course, that all believers to live in ignorance, the most Jiaoren can do nothing without
, is Hong Kong's new generation of intellectuals, although many followers, but the Chinese people's servility is
remains unchanged, Gan Xinshou Mission theory of man blinded by ignorance, hostility to science to do its followers.
in Hong Kong, we can see the most extreme examples of hostility to science, when the number of the door is decent l l r as teaching heresy
r of Zion, and their Liang Japan-China leaders, public speaking has not yet thirty years ago the dinosaurs became extinct, and its more than
sects, and Liang compared to China and Japan, but it is 五十步笑百步 it. in the general church, are circulating two
big lie, the first was Darwin a Christian (twenty-five years ago indeed, and
and this version than anyone else, full of piety and devotion of the heart), the second is the Einstein < br> Christian (a child is indeed). In Hong Kong, if you run into the general Christian, if
on their discussion of evolution, their first reaction is that evolution is not long since been overturned yet? (I think
know people who have this reaction, many of which are students!) there are some Christians, said archaeologists had found Noah's Ark
, while in Italy, the piece is more for many years the so-called Shroud of Jesus been put on the
Altar, which is the result of the Church stupefying success for a long time.
reading some of the more willing followers, if you ask him how the theory of evolution was overthrown, their answer is all of the thousands of articles
. those hostile to the Christian Science textbook published by designated, such as the evolution of faults, the complexity can not evolve out of control
Officer, Darwin said evolution is gradual, not a mutation. These Christians,
never refused to seriously picked up the book of evolution. Some preachers even more specious
to the story, r to l prove wrong the theory of evolution, such as throwing God will watch parts, impossible to fall off a table and other hand
completely unrelated, the probability The story is not common to Yuhuo believers, and Christians
and bored with the spread of these childish Yuhuo brought so much as sigh.
Darwin was a genius, and evolution is one of countless people need long-term The accumulated research topics, can be said of Irving
a research direction is pointed out, and now the evolution of species from Darwin for many years, science
home were also realistic and only bit by bit, these respectable scientists, never thought of overthrowing or offensive
hit theory of creation, they only work in their range, little by little understanding of the Earth in the fossil heap
the past 4.6 billion years of history, but who creationism is very mind, but has also made efforts to tell a lie big
stupefying amount, taken out of context (but ignorance and the right way) to attack scientists, and Hong Kong
Christians, can be said to be among the best examples. the time of writing received e-mail to my Christian friends
a web page, the Sinosauropteryx, between Christians seem to find the dragon and the bird is disturbed
(apart from this incomprehensible attitude strange), see Web content, there are Christians in the scientific community questioned whether the bird ancestor of birds, dragons
article amplification, to confirm the species does have faults. In fact, this beast toe
evolution debate exists within the scientific community for several years , we see no fundamental ability of Popular Science Writings on
this discussion under the judgments, and scientists question the theory of evolution has never been an opponent of the Christians have ulterior motives but was brought
creating a big article, the mean heart It is difficult to describe.
people to explore science, no one will believe that l r evolution, we will only be regarded as one of the scientific disciplines,
study hard, as if Einstein, Newton r l believe that the findings,
relativity would not be there, l believe that only Christians will r theory of creation, and to attack the theory of evolution, which
is the essence of the Christian.
(g) to kill an excuse
SC Jun Q: I would like to ask, do you know do not know how bad you do not think the Christians? have no understanding of who you think is a good Christian
? Do you think it will do no good Christian?
Actually, I've never irrational for any Christian, not to ferret out the life of any Christian
hot pursuit of evil, nor because of resistance to Christian friends. in my personal experience,
rarely change their religion was really through, what will be their own people from what
into another person (the surface may change), so a Christian victims of sudden change of face , I will only say that our humanity
, his character is simply that, not surprisingly.
many of my friends, I observed that most Christians and non-Christians were definitely not Road
Germany is good or bad personality, but the surface of some strange phenomena, such as people hate Christians in general rather begging the
, is to be extended to non-Christian concept of original sin, denounce the person guilty, also some other Christians are very proud,
saved from that privileged rebirth. In addition, I do not see what the base with non-significant difference in the base.
I can not accept Christianity because, not that of Christ more corrupt than non-Christian believers, but potentially very bad this organization
incentives should be stronger than any organization, and the extent of deterioration, but also to be worse than any
people.
to Let me give a simple case, and most people do evil in this world, there will be the bottom line, because they know the evil from
have any inhuman person will have a conscience in the heart thing, so the big thief kill the king
, also runs down the old infant and soft-hearted, this is our innate conscience. But the worst
the world who is perfect as an excuse to those who achieve such human The so-called ideal in mind, will not choose hand
section, evil no bottom line, as Pol Pot, Hitler, XXX, etc., if they do not have a
a lofty ideal as an excuse to support, simply do not may be bad to have no bottom line (the line
Clinton for the recent bombings, but also in this category), but my observation of history, I found these bad enough to have any bottom line to the desired pretext for
people, the most horrible is still a Christian. The reason is very simple, because they have long had good
know deep inside, to God, so they kill all the other ideals than those who kill, more come straighten air
strong, but not anti-wake up from their ideal doubt.
offensive to see the Old Testament Israelites Canaan, I have no doubt that he is convinced that they commanded by God to conduct species
ethnic cleansing, as the Crusaders expedition, I have no doubt that these Christians believe themselves subject to God's instructions
carried out massacres, even in colonial America and the era of the African continent, do not believe those who kill or cut the hands and feet, and I do not doubt cents
They believe their own to follow God's instructions, on the other ethnic massacres and killings so no
guilt, and so confidently.
Christ in me, is a neutral word, Christians and non-me Christians, like ordinary people a
, there is no good or bad, but when a large group of ordinary people with weapons, read the emotion out of the inner demons, as well as straighten
fierce excuse, it will become disaster, Hong Kong's Christians, even this version of the Christian, in fact,
and the Crusaders, settlers, Northern Ireland, Christians, Christians of Serbia did not do, can do good can also line
evil, only that we are a different time and space, just happens to have different, but people are still human beings in the name of the Father l r for
and evil, and Israeli ethnic cleansing of the behavior of the Canaanites would be perpetuated, Deuteronomy within the
God commanded to kill infidels in the scriptures of all Christians will always be an excuse, and never will become a mystical experience
to fuse, because no one can judge other people's mystical experience.
(attached) that taught me why
I used to be a Christian, and is very devoted, more pilgrims visited Jerusalem, and of course feel
to have God, pray every night when they talk to him, each will make a decision to ask his opinion , but
years ago, I asked a question, why it is so evil in this world, why God would allow evil in the world is so evil
there.
to 2084, the Israeli hard-line hawks General Sharon, Palestinian terrorists an excuse for hunting, sending several hundred Israeli soldiers
, entered at the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon, all the soldiers took the US-made M16 rifles
, into the camp after the silent, Luanqiang against unarmed Palestinians fired a time
camps into hell on earth, outside of the United Nations refugee camp, eagerly looking at the most since World War II massacre
cruel world, no way. Finally, the Israeli army two thousand people were massacred, with more than Bacheng small
children and women. Sharon is not the Jewish General, but the letter of the Christians, the same evening, Los Angeles
Times visited Sharon General, he said, retaining his responsibility is to preserve the land of Canaan mentioned in the Bible is not strange
people occupied, so he will never regret for their actions.
very day I sad, crying so badly that night I said to my God, if this world is so ugly
really evil, I choose to believe Satan, if this world really heaven, I would prefer to hell, because I am ashamed and live Church people in the company of
days, and since the moment, I suddenly felt an unprecedented joy, the mind as being full of the goodness of
first sucked into a mind free air. Since then, the feeling that God getting away from me,
I'm like a born again saved, this is my first experience of the body. Until now, I deeply believe that
Christian (including Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox, Unification Church, Jesus card , Book of Mormon, the Sabbath to teach, etc.) are the largest cult in history
, if we kill many, means the cruel, far-reaching damage to human, they must
on second to none, I just want to compassion of the heart, out of a witness, anyway, even if the kidnapped me into heaven,
I will not go.
watching television news yesterday, Israel's Benjamin Netanyahu reappointment of the killing spree for the Israeli Foreign Minister, and
immediately declare this person, he would not accept the current lot of hard work Rabin's peace agreement in return, never
will be returned to the West Bank land to Palestinians, thirteen percent, I do not know What is the world of justice,
this world do not know the name of the Father when we can end the massacre, but Christians do not understand why something so numb to these
.
XXX: Please refer to the original

Wuyi Deng governance of the village with the main path

 MM and agreed to the criticism, Mr. Star
relegated to the past time to be star Central , with the same idea, we also make a corresponding response text, and to further sort out our research on village governance and advocates Interpretations.

be a text that the central The shift of focus from the issue of democracy governance issues, from the village of autonomy within the exogenous value of the steering Mechanism, and then within the framework of autonomy in the village to discuss the village for treatment. This is the blessing in our place, but also the question of our beginning. But , we believe that approval is still doubt whether, in fact, to a large extent on the problem itself is a serious miscarriage of justice, in order to eliminate false positives, first of all on our Developmental Way of academic groups to sort out is essential, as the comb the commencement of the response to this question also from a financial one. [1]
according to the text of the statement should those of us who constitute the contemporary political and social research in rural China, the to look up, or doing research village governance. rural governance that rural governance, rather than autonomy, we tried to rural governance as a platform and the main line, by reading and understanding of rural society in transition, the governance changes and characteristics of top-down policy, legal and institutional implementation of the process in the rural areas, mechanisms and results to understand the Chinese countryside, which in rural China and China's overall modernization of the theory put forward our program of instructions and practice.
However, Tracing the source, our study Indeed, the formation of groups and Village Autonomy in inverted inextricably linked. Back in the 1980s, the older generation in political science and sociology scholars, such as Hou-an, Mr. Xin Qiushui change research orientation, in-depth research in rural areas, in the earliest not attracted much attention at the inception of the grass-roots grass-roots democracy and autonomy of the villagers and village self-government system in the drafting of relevant legal documents, which form the future of the country marked the beginning of villager autonomy. From the mid-1990s, Xu Yong, Xiang following Mr. Zhang Houan such as the right to undertake further research and to expand, the village self-government study on the expansion of the village governance. [2] can be said that it is Zhang, Xu and others of our group to come directly form the premises and rural studies basis, we have indeed along Zhang, Xu et al study came to be large ones. As a result, the text said the villagers should be discussed within the framework of autonomy village governance, indeed to see the logic of our study and the historical starting point However, they may be subject to some kind of knowledge and values of the structure in 1997n1999 years, during which they generally form two linked and there is tension both directions: First, from Hubei , gay-hui, who began by observing village elections in rural society in transition, the nature of the conscious perspective.
Koike Huangmei elusive town of a village hut village governance reform of the social experiment, the purpose was to try to time our knowledge about the villager autonomy theory into practice, to practice advocated by the Hou-An and the . However, it has witnessed in this experiment to each person with deep inspiration, Wuyi Deng people is through this test, recognized as an exogenous villager autonomy system and membrane of Chinese local society and rural researchers lack of knowledge in rural areas, and they sense it as the result of the initiation and began to consciously leave that was later summarized as understanding and interpretation (WU Yi, 2002, Chapter XIV epilogue).
with this general during the same period in 1998, compared with field researchers engaged in election observation and the opportunity to experience the rural political future, this group constitutes almost all our researchers are involved in village committee elections at this time of observation, we have observed elections in dozens of villages, in the village is a long time in January as short week, footprints all over the Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia and other provinces. In order to understand the village committee elections, we made a number of villages to return survey. On this basis, we issued and published a number of treatises.
in these writings, we invariably prefer the creation of the village itself, but for various reasons it was quickly accepted by the system after a top-down by the government to give most of the villages, so it is basically a rural society in exogenous variables. (to be stars, 2005) Therefore, the election of the village and the village election is equivalent to two separate collisions between the objects and experiences. one hand, the election is no different in most of rural China in a stone into calm The lake, it is bound to stir the waves stirred up the original village of the daily political logic to the unfolding of events according to the activation of the election and pulled out of the daily life of the country long tired of all the layers and contradictions between the network so that people fortunate enough to clear observed in the prosaic life of the country show up in the drama is difficult to focus on rural political scene, and so the path to further explore the mechanism of the village and the hidden politics behind the presentation of the flow of social relations. [4] and another , the electoral system into the village field is also facing another scenario happened, it makes the viewer not only the opportunity to experience the new system into place that is bound to the fusion of theoretical and empirical issues, but also to experience the same system In a variety of different villages in the Field of interpretation process, and hence the reproduction is different from the original rules of the game is different from the rural political order of the new village election political mechanism. is precisely through this two-way encounter, as a collective consciousness, we realize the concept of village self-government and structure of the thing as a construction value in expressing concern of intellectuals, sometimes occur in the endogenous development of the village can not accommodate the complex needs and thus rise to the demand mechanism connecting macro-political sometimes occur in the formation of village development and micro mismatch. So, anything really experienced researchers observed village elections are inevitable not to think about this issue and trying to find the path to solve this puzzle, that is, through village elections and village self-government to remove the democratization of imagination and into the understanding of rural society itself into, trying to find the villagers in the village self-government within the society based on survival and development; also inevitably want to know not only in the rural village committee elections community how to start, but want to understand why the village committee election is so so, rather than expand in the rural society. As a result, the village committee election observation, historical and political circles as a group of Chinese researchers change of Villagers sight, into a wider field of rural social research incision path and strategy.
is along the direction of the development of such a search, we finally have a 2001 magazine and the China Social Sciences in the United Jingmen organized the from corporate restructuring, clan culture, the angle of the rise and fall to discuss village affairs and so on village governance, but also to replace the villagers of this period of autonomy of our new theme, [5] the final review meeting to community is echoed each other, although we mainly through specific studies of the referred to as the research to understand the current status of Chinese rural society and its regional differences, in order to understand autonomy as the villagers of rural society into a different process, mechanisms and consequences. [6] Subsequently, as the burden of farmers, rural organizations, rural finance, taxes reform, which constitutes the country's rural history and type of a broader range of content in this period were included in the study horizon. This series marks the shift the focus of our research and research framework for the transfer of recycling, it is this Steering and recycling, WU Yi only had a autonomy in the village, but the study to the narrative strategy is similar to consciously different from previous works.
in this conversion, the Wuyi Deng tried to change the depth of understanding of village society, and He Xuefeng and others are trying to and interpretation of, the dominant operation in rural China and its deep political and social mechanisms the final reason for the learning experience of operating to provide a more reliable platform. Xuefeng and others in a large number of rural research, then gradually was further that question, rural areas in Hubei Jingshan method of Rural Studies, organized the first high-level seminar, the same year in December, held in small seminar Jingmen rural areas, basic research specifically discuss the possibility of rural policy .2004 September, we organized the second session of the Rural Research Methods Advanced Seminar, invited anthropology, sociology, history, law and political science scholars from different disciplines such as multi-disciplinary understanding of the possibility and necessity in rural areas. service in the study steering, since 2003, we have gradually sub-regional, sub-topic in the research, research topics related to rural water, rural mediation, rural health, rural elderly security system and many rural areas, while research areas are mainly concentrated in the large rural population density west in an attempt to to understand the China's political development and political sociology, social development path of the decision, rather than the default can be man-made, nor as to be star said, the simplistic association between governance Following self-government as a household contract responsibility system of land after another institutional innovation in rural areas, whether it is the end of the underlying roots Zhao social, or benefit from the advancement of the upper structure or the intelligentsia, it at least provides an academic focus of the academic sink, will study the perspective of the world the opportunity to target the real world. Therefore, we believe, for the autonomy of villagers in itself is not a false problem (of course, wishful thinking to the interpretation and construction of village autonomy and the relationship between the path of political development in China is another matter), but also not to be stars, as is implied by the misreading of village politics and governance of the limitations of the village, but in the parting of the Enlightenment ideal of a simple question, after singing return. It is problem in such a regression, it is possible further to the perception, interpretation and explore and build capacity are relatively more inclusive governance problems of the village field, as was also possible (including Ying Xing) advocated it, and then to seek half of the 20th Century village of Rich Modern Studies and Overseas Chinese Village continuation of this outstanding academic tradition, and bathing the provision of In this sense, does not exist to say whether the star should be in the village should be discussed within the framework of autonomy village governance issues, governance or in the villages the villagers to discuss the issue of autonomy within the framework of the structuralist binary separation, rather said that it is through the practice of villager autonomy, political academic was able to criticism of our research orientation and research framework should have been more academic history and action for the inspection process itself, but less one or the other, outside of the
With the above research groups of our academic approach of self-representation can be more targeted response to the criticism of our star the next.
1, research perspective and research framework should
Man that was with how to control the problem Star, 2005) This is a criticism of my comrades-hui, we do not discuss in this article. However, should the text instead said: to discuss governance issues within the logic of the village should be within the framework of governance in the village to face the complexity of village autonomy. It is not difficult to find stars of our criticism should be completely inaccurate. Indeed, just as the text annotation should be pointed out as early as in 1999, He Xuefeng, believes that Villagers should be how to implement concerns, the author attempts to point out that the State has been years in the trial and formally promulgated and implemented, this is a policy that can no longer express different and even diametrically opposed views), but should focus on the framework of self-government in the village for the actual village in rural China, the political skills to design rich device Village Governance . Obviously, He Man here is for the policy debate, rather than the academic discussion, and therefore, He Man and the academic community has since we did not even without system, operation mechanism and performance, while recognizing that rural China. For example, WU Yi inspected six months of 1998 with a century in East dual political changes, one of the purposes is hoped that through the study of political history of the village, to understand the current the basis of village politics, or law and order in the village since the 20th century village in the entire course of treatment to locate and understand. Because of this, he may see a series of villager autonomy system design is mainly reflected from above, only civil affairs department under the policy to pursue, rather than the pursuit of other departments, and the pursuit of the various power sector policy also tension, to arrive at and more macro-level decisions about the governance of the normal features of the village, which is our system of villager autonomy in the performance evaluation must be considered a big problem Dong Leiming Northern Jiangsu Province in 2001 through the survey also believe that self-government in nature but the villagers in the countryside between floating layer of oil on the water (Donglei Ming, 2004). Xuefeng in 2002, pointed out: democratization of village governance, even possible a theoretical result, is paralyzed state of village governance and profit cycles in the Broker. carefully observe the current village-level governance in rural China, a number of areas of this cycle has been signs discussion of rural governance, on the contrary, when we talk about when the villager autonomy, it is advocated if I should sing it, and comrades-hui will be aware of, arrangements, there are many short-term behavior for rural cadres to the opportunity for personal gain, associated with a high degree of village society has the same action may be strong to resist. arrangements, but the village to maintain order in the relationship between fact and democracy is not large, but correlation with the village community village of the intrinsic nature of the relationship between the large the performance of self-government, we have more than a clear understanding should be stars. Through the practice of village autonomy investigation, we believe that Villagers can not in fact in many areas of governance to achieve policy goals intended, in some places, its role and even but as a stick into the water, will stir up old conflicts villages, resulting in new and serious problem. The purpose of self-government have been the villagers is to provide a new village order to address the problem of village public goods provision, but we also clearly see , in a considerable part of the village, but it may destroy the existing order in the village and make the supply of public goods in trouble. that in our internal discussions, an opinion or even that the concept of governance at the macro and institutional change in circumstances, the current reason for the universality of village governance to maintain order, and perhaps the text is not the villager autonomy system in place, but rather may be that it is not in place, because it's in place will not inevitably lead to conflicts between villages affected the achievement of national goals. [7] is not from the value of the above understanding and political action on the negative aspects of autonomy, but noted that no system exists with the up, down, left and right system and the relationship between various established contact, and its performance can not be judged in isolation. We have sought the whole observation and research, reveals the operation of the villagers and village autonomy within society the relationship between nature, the only way to contribute to a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of rural villager autonomy under the governance system also be possible to truly help improve this system.
but very unfortunately, should be noted that these stars would have never had to start in his criticism of the responsibility before the object has been criticized publicly noticed a large number of published academic speech , which, apart from regret, it'll also add to what?
2, reject Western theories, I hope directly to the field to create their own set of theories. careful study, they advocated the performance of wild thinking theory and anti-anti-Westernization both connections and differences between the two trend , 2005). for anti-Westernization, should be the next star, said, Can all of your West to cast their colored glasses and glasses? empiricism Orientation for the new theory of thinking. , but was present, was constructed. And no one's unique perception, the problem is not keen sense of social reality, even as gods like standing on the top, people may turn a blind eye Are there specific, and can not in a hurry to a conclusion.
what we actually do, and field research work already out there, I believe the critics before the commencement of criticism should be clear in the chest, or criticism Yiping will lose, or come and see us in the end here is how to present their theoretical claims. is quoted to be stars, more and more dominated by the Western academic discourse study of village governance hh stressed wild thinking, is to learn the essence of Western social science at the same time, deliberate attention to breakthroughs in Western social science research on village governance limitations of scientific knowledge from the West restrictions, but also from Western social science has been formed with the hegemony of the academic dogma of limited colors, and boldly put forward new ideas on village governance. , the introduction of Western social science theory is not only necessary, but the problem is not to be hh or not the introduction of Western social science, you do not wear tinted glasses from the West, but in social science from the West can not let the general default monopoly of China interpretation of reality. see more clearly the reality, but because it can be seen increasingly dominant position in the current Western social sciences from the tinted glasses can not see something, and can compete on this basis. competition easier for the many colored glasses to see the original appearance of the village government. with a colored glasses on. China's rural society, but that can not only use colored glasses view of Western China's rural society. We aim to be based on China's realities, learning from the West and China, based on local research to create a classic of our own colored glasses, which may be regarded as frivolous or ignore the academic tradition, perhaps because of capacity and energy (of course not rule out preference) intentionally or unintentionally omitted because a lot of Western literature (such as being left out or do not understand that Foucault), but do Not every scholar's dream and escape the embrace of the plight? Therefore, the anti-Western hat also right when the alert is only a friendly. Just think, if anyone dared to throw a hundred years to make the cultural accumulation of Western Learning, included in its formation under the influence and transformation of China's new culture, but also how to even the most basic living, let alone thinking and writing. This is a common sense, need not be self-evident to create problems discussion.
step forward both the theory is, there is no star said we should September 2004 we held the second method of Rural Studies, Senior Seminar class, WU Yi Village Politics in the summary of the research and development, the admitted imagination, but also enriched the vocabulary of their expression, and expand their research perspective, the social basis of political attention, in itself contributed to the maturity of political sociology. Again, through the help of anthropologists, political scientists not only learned The thematic concern of the rural research, more important is to master a new way of expression of the text is by some scholars to be hh anthropological field research, find and build the academic and the relationship between post-modern China. And by drawing on history, is also making a study of contemporary rural political vision of a more in-depth some useful social science concepts and theoretical paradigms, as long as its full explanatory power in rural China, and brought a little problem with that. At the same time, needs to be emphasized is that it strongly opposed to that in the study appear to rural China problem, but in reality desire for dialogue with the West br> listed above, we published the text is to show that we are not against the Western social science, much less the stars said to be anti-theoretical bent, but that should be the main place in China and rural China, to learn and absorb the West Science (including the existing academic knowledge in China). We must and have to learn Western social science, but we do not therefore found in Western social science is universally applicable truth, do not think it is only Western academic is the theory [10], but to maintain both academic and reflect the position of the full alert on our glasses to be used as casting materials. It is precisely because the out How come the words is embedded in the existing gray, hazy empirical phenomena that make them suitable for certain academic order of integration, called the knowledge and discovery, and as a ruler to cut a new object of observation and in life itself presentation of the logic of argumentation (which in itself imply the existence of certain of the reason first) to find the existing theory of collision and stirring, to construct it will no longer words such as civil society is not to be the kind of star to our definition of anti-Western and anti-theory of the this train on the post-modern, it is not longer be regarded as anti-Western or even non-theoretical, have to find the expression of Chinese thinking, Western-style), that is, field trips, such as Algeria, Bourdieu we got a class that contrary to civilized society We, the Western theory is still a need to make self-examination and the contrast of the such a context, Xuefeng Concerned only As a result, as the entry point to care for academic field research in rural China, because the lack of overall care, under the strong Western discourse is not difficult to ablation (loss) into the paradigms of Western social science. Based on the experience in China, and establish useful for understanding the social science of Chinese society, or how the general theory of social sciences in the West and China to establish correspondence between social reality, so that Western social sciences help to understand the Chinese Context The following issues do not those things in pursuit of the Chinese words corresponding to the fields of Western Research Institute to complete the task and with the agitation, In addition to the insufficiency of their own construction, is also thinking of the lack of the wild?
, of course, because of the time, energy and vision limitations, the main focus will be placed in rural China to understand the present, to determine our basic academic point to be More of practice and action, rather than simply the nature of dialogue or knowledge production. When we survey found that need general phenomenon, or can be established to judge, we a, or lost in the shallow, is ...